Cathelicidins是一类具有广谱抗微生物活性的多功能抗菌肽。迄今为止; 在几乎所有种类的脊椎动物体内均有发现; 在动物先天免疫系统中发挥极其重要的作用。Cathelicidins不仅对普通革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌、真菌以及病毒具有非常强的抗性; 而且对许多临床分离耐药菌株同样具有作用。Cathelicidins具有特殊的杀菌机理; 不易产生耐药性。此外; cathelicidins结构简单; 溶血活性和细胞毒性小; 因此极具开发潜力。该文主要对cathelicidins的结构与分类、生物活性与功能、作用特点与机制及其在医药领域中的应用前景和存在问题进行了综述。; Cathelicidins are a family of multi-functional antimicrobial peptides found in almost all types of vertebrates, where they play vital roles in the immune system. As they possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, cathelicidins are not only strongly resistant to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses, but they are also active against many antibiotic-resistant clinical bacteria, adopting a special antimicrobial mechanism that is unlikely to lead to microbial resistance. Cathelicidins likewise possess simple structures, and low hemolytic and cytotoxic activities. Collectively, these features suggest potentially novel and exciting prospects for cathelicidins＇ application in medicine. Here, we review the structures, classification, activities, mechanisms, as well as prospective developments in the usage and application of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides.
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