The invention relates to a composite membrane based on a functional protein and a preparation method thereof. The composite membrane consists of a polyelectrolyte active layer on which the functional protein is embedded, and a supporting layer, wherein the functional protein is used as a functional unit and is directly embedded into a formed network structure in the process of assembling layer by layer to prepare the polyelectrolyte active layer, and by cross-linking and curing, combination firmness of the functional protein in the active layer is improved. The preparation method is simple in operation process, and embedding content of the functional protein in the composite membrane is improved. The functional protein composite membrane has a wide application prospect in the fields of water treatment and membrane separation.
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