The invention relates to the field of nanometer material science and analytical chemistry, in particular to a core-satellite structure gold nanoparticle and a preparation method thereof. The particleis composed of a three-layer structure, the inner layer takes a single gold nanosphere as a core, the middle layer is a phospholipid double-molecular layer wrapping the gold nanosphere, and the outermost layer is a plurality of "satellite" gold nanoparticles which are connected to the phospholipid double-molecular layer and surround the gold nanosphere core. The preparation method comprises the following steps : firstly, preparing a gold nanosphere core, then, wrapping the gold nanosphere with a liposome, and finally, reducing trivalent gold complexing ions or monovalent gold complexing ions byusing ascorbic acid and the "satellite" gold nanoparticle growing on the phospholipid double-molecular layer in situ. The preparation method of the core-satellite structure gold nanoparticle is simple and feasible, the morphology and the particle size of the product are controllable, and the stability and the dispersity are good. Due to the existence of hotspots between the gold cores and the "satellite" particles, the structure has good surface enhanced raman scattering (SERS) enhancing capability and has a potential application value in the field of analysis and determination.
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