The invention relates to a nuclear-satellite type gold-silver nanocomposite SERS substrate and a preparation method thereof. The particle is composed of a four-layer structure : a gold nanoparticle core, a phospholipid bilayer, a gold nanorod array perpendicular to the gold nanoparticle core, and a silver nanoparticle grown in situ on the outer short side end of the gold nanorod array. The preparation method comprises the following steps of : preparing the gold nanoparticle core; adsorbing the phospholipid bilayer to the gold nanoparticle core; then growing the gold nanorod array in situ on thephospholipid bilayer; and finally, modifying the long diameter end of the gold nanorod array with sulfhydryl molecules and growing the silver nanoparticle in situ on the outer short side end of the gold nanorod array by the method of reducing silver nitrate with ascorbic acid. The preparation method for the nuclear-satellite type gold-silver nanocomposite SERS substrate is simple and easy, and themorphology and the particle size of a product are controllable.
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