The invention provides an SERS sensor based on capillary imprint and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps : immersing a surface aminated capillary in a gold nanostar solution with a particle size of 20 nm to 50 nm for 24 hours to obtain a glass capillary sensor with SERS activity; Dissolve the protein and dopamine hydrochloride in 10mM Tris-HCl buffer, and immerse it in a glass capillary with SERS activity. After washing, a capillary blot SERS sensor for protein specific recognition can be obtained. The protein of the present invention is trypsin, pepsin, bovine serum albumin or hemoglobin. Said invention also provides a method for detecting protein, according to the SERS signal difference resulted from the difference of reporter molecule penetrating into imprinted hole to make quantitative detection of protein. The present invention is easy to operate and produce in large scale, and the sensor has homogeneous particle distribution and high detection repeatability.
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