中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室知识库

利用2012年12月—2013年9月4个季度的现场调查资料研究了黄河口邻近海域浮游动物群落的时空分布特征。研究表明,黄河口邻近海域共鉴定出浮游动物70种,包括浮游幼虫19类。浮游动物优势种主要由夜光虫(Noctiluca scintillans)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)、双刺纺锤水蚤(Acartia bifilosa)、拟长腹剑水蚤(Oithona similis)、强额拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus crassirostris)、近缘大眼剑水蚤(Corycaeus affinis)、强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)、双壳类幼体(Bivalvia larv...

The unusual dynamic conditions in estuaries cause their zooplankton distribution, as well as the zooplankton distribution in the adjacent sea, to be spatially and temporally heterogeneous. To investigate this heterogeneity in the adjacent sea of the Yellow River Estuary, zooplankton samples were collected from there in December 2012, April 2013, June 2013, and September 2013. The samples were collected using a plankton net with mesh size 0.160 mm, while during the four cruises, environmental parameters such as seawater temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll a concentration were determined. Spearman rank correlations were used to analyze the relationship between zooplankton abundance and various environmental factors. Overall, 70 zooplankton species were identified, including 19 pelagic larvae. The copepods were the most abundant group, representing 30%, followed by hydromedusae. For the study region, the most dominant organisms were Noctiluca scintillans, Paracalanus parvus, Acartia bifilosa, Oithona similis, Paracalanus crassirostris, Corycaeus affinis, Sagitta crassa, Bivalvia larvae, and Polychaeta larvae. Among these, P. parvus, A. bifilosa, and O. similis dominated the zooplankton communities for three of the measured seasons. Furthermore, the composition of dominant species varied with seasons, with the seasonal turnover rate of dominant zooplankton species being high ( 67 – 88%). The abundance of P. parvus averaged 9320 ind / m 3 in summer, 3704 ind / m 3 in autumn, 3891 ind / m 3 in winter, and 165 ind / m 3 in spring. For the Yellow River mouth, P. parvus reached the greatest abundance in summer, while for the eastern sea area, this occurred in autumn and winter. Furthermore, the abundance of A. bifilosa averaged 40218 ind / m 3 in summer, 17815 ind / m 3 in spring, and 2127 ind / m 3 in winter. In spring, the abundance of A. bifilosa showed a decreasing trend from the Yellow River mouth to the outer sea area. For the Yellow River mouth, this species reached its highest abundance in summer, whereas for the eastern sea area, this occurred in winter. In addition, the abundance of O. similis averaged 4245 ind / m 3 in summer, 2776 ind / m 3 in spring, 1154 ind / m 3 in winter, and 88 ind / m 3 in autumn. In spring, O. similis reached the highest abundance in the both sides of the Yellow River mouth, while for the Yellow River mouth this occurred in summer and for the eastern sea area in winter. N. scintillans dominated the zooplankton community in spring and summer. The abundance of N. scintillans averaged 28194 ind / m 3 in spring and 13679 ind / m 3 in autumn. In spring, N. scintillans reached the highest abundance in the southern area of the Yellow River mouth, whereas for the eastern sea area, this occurred in autumn. Overall zooplankton abundance averaged 60620 ind / m 3 in summer, 31228 ind / m 3 in spring, 21540 ind / m 3 in autumn, and 7594 ind / m 3 in winter, while its spatial distribution varied among the four seasons. In spring, zooplankton abundance showed a decreasing trend from the Yellow River mouth to the outer sea area. In summer, zooplankton density was higher in the Yellow River mouth and the eastern sea area. The higher zooplankton abundance occurred in the eastern sea area in autumn and winter. The zooplankton community′s diversity index ( H′) showed an increasing trend from the Yellow River mouth to the outer sea area. Finally, the zooplankton abundance had a clear positive correlation with the seawater temperature ( r = 0.212, P < 0.05), suggesting that for the Yellow River Estuary, seawater temperature was one of the main factors determining zooplankton abundance.